must
modal
v (neg 否定式 must not, contracted form 缩约式 mustn't )
1
(a) (indicating obligation 表示必要)
I must go to the bank to get some money. 我得到银行去取些钱.
When you enter the building you must show the guard your pass. 进入大楼时须向警卫出示通行证.
Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 入口处不得停放汽车.
You mustn't open the oven door before the cake is ready. 饼未熟不得打开烤箱的门.
We mustn't be late, must we? 我们不能迟到, 是吧?
`Must you go so soon?' `Yes, I must.' ｀你一定得这麽早就走吗?＇｀是的, 必须这麽早.＇ =>Usage 1 见所附用法第1项.
(b) (indicating advice or recommendation 表示劝告或建议)
We must see what the authorities have to say. 我们应该看看当局怎麽说.
I must ask you not to do that again. 我得劝你不要再做那种事情了. =>Usage 2 见所附用法第2项.
2 (drawing a logical conclusion 做出逻辑推断)
You must be hungry after your long walk. 你走了那麽长的路, 一定饿了吧.
She must be having a lot of problems with the language. 她在语言上一定有很多困难.
You must be Mr Smith I was told to expect you. 你准是史密斯先生吧--我是吩咐来接你的.
They must be twins. 他们一定是双胞胎.
He must have known (ie Surely he knew) what she wanted. 他当时肯定知道她需要什麽.
We must have read the same report. 咱们看的一定是同一份报道. =>Usage 3 见所附用法第3项.
3 (indicating insistence 表示坚持)
You `must put your name down for the team. 你必须报名参加该队.
You simply `must read this book it's so funny. 你一定得看看这本书--太有趣了.
`Must you make so much noise? 你就非得弄出这麽大声吗? must, n (infml 口) thing that must be done, seen, heard, etc 必须做、 看、 听等的事
His new novel is a must for all lovers of crime fiction. 他的新小说是罪案小说爱好者必须一读的. must, NOTE ON USAGE 用法:
1 OBLIGATION (must, need1,2, have to, ought to, should1) 义务或责任（must、 need1, 2、 have to、 ought to、 should）
(a) Must is used to show that the speaker orders or expects something to be done *must用以表示说话者命令或期待做成某事
The children must be back by 4 o'clock. 孩子必须4点钟以前回来.
I must go now, ie I feel obliged to go. 我现在得走了, 即我觉得有此必要. Need to (informal have to) is used when somebody else is giving orders or controlling events *need to（通俗用词为have to）用於他人发出指令或操纵的情况下
You need to/have to pass a special exam to get into the school. 你要上那所学校得通过一次特别的考试.
I have to go now, ie something (or somebody else) requires it. 我现在得走了, 即某事或某人要求我如此. Ought to and should indicate that the speaker is giving an order, but suggest that he or she is not sure it will be obeyed *ought to和should表示说话者发出指令, 但暗含对方是否听从并无把握之意
She really ought to/should be leaving now. 她现在可真该走了.
You ought to/should apologize (though I'm not sure you will). 你应该道歉（虽然我不知道你是否这样做）.
(b) Mustn't (and oughtn't to, shouldn't) are used when the speaker wants somebody not to do something*mustn't（和oughtn't to、 shouldn't）用於说话者要某人不做某事
You mustn't leave the gate open. 你不要敞著大门.
You oughtn't to/shouldn't neglect the garden. 你不要不管花园. Needn't and don't have to mean that there is a lack of obligation to do something *needn' t和don' t have to意指没有做某事的义务或责任
You needn't/don't have to arrive early. (Cf You mustn't arrive early.) 你不必早来. （参看
你不要早来.）
(c) In indirect commands, had to replaces mu...