n. 逆境;不幸;灾难;
💡 ad一再+vers转+ity名词后缀→逆境,不幸,苦难
"courage in the face of adversity"
面对逆境的勇气
近义:misadventure, miserableness, misfortune, suffering, torment, tribulation
反义:progress, prosperousness, welfare, abundance, bonanza, boom
vt. 训练;使有纪律;处罚;使有条理;
n. 训练;纪律;学科;符合行为准则的行为(或举止);
💡 discipl=disciple门徒,学徒+ine表名词,人或物 → 门徒必须听说 → 纪律
"She needs the discipline of having to write an essay every week."
她需要进行每周写一篇文章的训练.
近义:penalise, penalize, punish, sanction, chastise, illustrate
反义:pander, pimp, miseducate, overindulge, pamper, pet